I believe what you're looking for is parcel data. This kind of data is typically managed by individual, local governments, such as a county or a local municipality. Sometimes this data will be available for free to download at the managing agency website but I'm not aware of any free source for this kind of data that would cover the entire USA. Many commercial data providers do offer parcel data for larger areas (such as an entire country) for sale, although even these datasets may be incomplete. You can search the internet for "parcel data" to find data providers or local agencies by searching for "parcel data" plus the area of interest, for example: "Parcel Data Jefferson County Ohio".