Does ArcGIS Desktop 10.4.1 come packaged with python 32-bit or 64-bit initially?

[KelleyHoefer]

When the documentation refers to "geoprocessing in 32 bit space,"  is that synonymous with a 32-bit version of Python?  

[MichelleMathias]

Hi Kelley -

Thanks for asking your questions and welcome to the GeoNet community! I wanted to let you know that we're moving your question to the ArcGIS Desktop Installation Support space  so our Esri and user subject matter experts can further help answer this and future questions.  So you're aware on how and where to post your questions, here's a few quick tips and reminders:

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[DanPatterson_Retired]

python is Python 2.7.13 

this link talks about background geoprocessing to which I think you are referring.

See the section on Python Scripting.

If 64 bit vs 32 bit is a real issue, switch to ArcGIS Pro to ensure that you taking advantage of python capabilities.  Remember, python 2.7.X is over 8 years old and there have been some substantial improvements in the 3.x line over that time