Hi Brandon Crawford This question would be better for the ArcGIS Pro space.
For a guided workflow, you might take a look at Tutorial: Geocode a table of addresses—ArcGIS Pro | Documentation
If you don't have your own locator, you should be able to use the World Geocoding Service - you'd need to be logged in to an ArcGIS Online organization with some credits. That is explained in the tutorial linked above.
With the Excel sheet in the Contents pane, right-click> Geocode Table.
That should launch the wizard. Does that work for you?
I see in your screenshot that you have many duplicate records, so if you choose to geocode with a service that will consume credits for every match, you might want to remove duplicate records before geocoding.
I realize that you also asked about creating your own locator, which is entirely possible. But before you go down that road, you would need reference data. Read Fundamentals of creating a locator—ArcGIS Pro | Documentation and try the tutorial above and check back in the ArcGIS Pro space if something isn't working.
Hope this helps!