It's been a while since I used the solar tools, but if I recall...
Each of the 12 layers represents a month; display one and save as a layer file.
Load the layer file and modify the values in the raster display to include the min and max of the range of all 12 months - this is where my memory might be hazy - which are found in the 3 band RGB. By manipulating the ranges (Layer properties symbology) to stretch from min to max, you can group them into a color scheme appropriate to your data needs. Save this layer file.
Because all values are covered in this layer file, it can be applied to all 12 months. Each is based on one legend and thus display consistently. As for an attribute table, you would need to convert this (or all 12 months if you need them as separate data sets) with spatial analysis to an integer grid.