Hi Andreas,
The best way to do this would be to:
1) From the Survey123 website, share the survey for Analyze to Everyone (or the group you are targeting the Story Map to). This will create a read-only view (the _stakeholder view) of the survey data
2) In a web map or while creating the story map, add the _stakeholder view of the data into the map. Style as you would like and treat it just like any other layer
Yo may want to watch Survey123 for ArcGIS: Leveraging your Survey Data in Other Apps - YouTube for an example.