Anna,
Bad COGO values refer to both bearings and distances. What you describe does not happen directly within the parcel fabric editing environment, but it could happen in older legacy systems. Then when importing that data from those systems into the fabric, those "mismatch" values get imported into the parcel fabric. This will result in parcels with a poor parcel misclose.
The Parcel Fabric Quality Control add-in can help to find these cases and, optionally, recalculate the values based on a filter that you set up.
-Tim