Hi Jesse,
By default, after installation, ArcGIS Server will point to a spatiotemporal big data store using the internal hostname (e.g. WIN- KI1388PECAS4) on the Big Data Server.
For ArcGIS Enterprise deployments on Amazon and Azure instances, the hostname must be changed to the internal IP address of the Big Data Server via the ArcGIS Server Administrative Directory on the GIS Server at https://<GIS Server.domain>.com:6443/server/admin.
If there is an issue with the internal IP, then you can try the public IP of the BDS machine.
If the above steps do not fix your issue, then you should check the hostidentifier.properties file under the installation directory of data store which is \Program Files\ArcGIS\DataStore\framework\etc\
If the last line in this file (preferredidentifier=ip) is commented, please uncomment it (by deleting the # and saving it).
This will ensure that the hosting server will look for BDS machine's IP address instead of the hostname.
Hope this helps !
Thanks,
Sagar Ayare | Product Engineer
Real-time & Big Data GIS
ESRI Redlands, CA