Jamal,
Yes, you can publish with ArcGIS Pro, but ONLY through Portal, and ONLY the single portal that is federated with that ArcGIS Server, and ONLY with a level 2 named user on that Portal.
The above constraints and limitations are what are troubling to the contributors to this thread. There are dozens of structures and workflows that are either impossible, or prohibitively difficult within those constraints. That is why most of us are complaining, and asking esri to remove those constraints and allow Pro to publish directly to ArcGIS Server.
Tom