Gotcha. Ok, if I understand now, you are basically just wanting to do some geocoding. If you don't want to use a map, then you won't want to use the Search widget. As I see it, you could use the Locator Task for this.
https://developers.arcgis.com/javascript/latest/api-reference/esri-tasks-Locator.html#
However, I do want to point out that Geocoding is a sometimes free and sometimes pay service. If you use the ArcGIS World Geocoding Service in a pay manner, then please review the instructions here:
https://developers.arcgis.com/rest/geocode/api-reference/geocoding-free-vs-paid.htm
If you have your own service to consume, or will be using the free operations explained in the link above, then here is a working sample as a proof of concept to get you started.
https://codepen.io/noash/pen/XWWdpge
The 3x sample that you posted a link to above does querying on a feature layer, which would be a different workflow, but one that you could implement yourself with the Query and QueryTask at 4.x and the logic of the CodePen sample.
Query | ArcGIS API for JavaScript 4.13
QueryTask | ArcGIS API for JavaScript 4.13